CoCalc -- Turtle graphics.ipynb

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ubuntu2004

Kernel: Python 3 (system-wide)

In [0]:

start()for i in range(4):
    draw_forward(1)
    rotate_left(90)

In [79]:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

# Function definitions

def start():
    state[0] = 0
    state[1] = 0
    state[2] = 0
    state[-1] = 0
    
    fig = plt.figure(figsize=(4,4))
    ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
    ax.set_aspect('equal', adjustable='box')

def draw_forward(dis):
    x = state[0]
    y = state[1]
    angle = state[2]
    state[0] = x + np.cos(angle) * dis
    state[1] = y + np.sin(angle) * dis
    plt.plot([x, state[0]], [y, state[1]], color="black", linewidth=2)
    
def move_forward(dis):
    x = state[0]
    y = state[1]
    angle = state[2]
    state[0] = x + np.cos(angle) * dis
    state[1] = y + np.sin(angle) * dis
    
def draw_back(dis):
    x = state[0]
    y = state[-1]
    angle = state[2]
    state[0] = x + np.cos(angle) * dis
    state[1] = y + np.sin(angle) * dis
    plt.plot([x, state[0]], [y, state[1]], color="black", linewidth=2)

    
def rotate_left(theta):
    state[2] = state[2] + theta * np.pi / 180

def rotate_right(theta):
    state[2] = state[2] - theta * np.pi / 180
    
def draw_shape(n, f):
    for i in range(n):
        draw_forward(f)
        rotate_left(360/n)

def draw_square():
    for i in range(4):
        draw_forward(1)
        rotate_left(90)
    
    
state = [0, 0, 0]#

In [49]:

# Example: draw a unit square
start()
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(90)
draw_forward(1)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(90)
draw_forward(1)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(90)
draw_forward(1)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(90)
draw_forward(1)

Out[49]:

In [53]:

start()
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(2)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(2)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)

Out[53]:

In [54]:

start()
for i in range(8):
    draw_forward(1)
    rotate_left(45)

Out[54]:

In [57]:

start()
for i in range(5):
    draw_forward(1)
    rotate_right(72)

Out[57]:

In [59]:

for i in range (5):
    print(i)

Out[59]:

In [60]:

start()
draw_shape()

Out[60]:

number of sides: 

In [109]:

start()
for i in range(5):
    draw_square()
    rotate_left(72)

Out[109]:

In [103]:

start()
draw_shape(4)
rotate_left(72)
draw_shape(4)
rotate_left(72)
draw_shape(4)
rotate_left(72)
draw_shape(4)
rotate_left(72)
draw_shape(4)
rotate_left(72)

Out[103]:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
/tmp/ipykernel_915/1699819010.py in <module>
      1 start()
----> 2 draw_shape(4)
      3 rotate_left(72)
      4 draw_shape(4)
      5 rotate_left(72)
TypeError: draw_shape() missing 1 required positional argument: 'f'

In [124]:

start()
for i in range(10):
    draw_shape(100, .05)
    move_forward(2.5)
    rotate_left(36)

Out[124]:

In [108]:

start()
draw_shape(100, .05)
move_forward(2.5)
rotate_left(36)
draw_shape(100, .05)
draw_shape(100, .05)
move_forward(2.5)
rotate_left(36)
draw_shape(100, .05)
draw_shape(100, .05)
move_forward(2.5)
rotate_left(36)
draw_shape(100, .05)
draw_shape(100, .05)
move_forward(2.5)
rotate_left(36)
draw_shape(100, .05)
draw_shape(100, .05)
move_forward(2.5)
rotate_left(36)
draw_shape(100, .05)
draw_shape(100, .05)
move_forward(2.5)
rotate_left(36)
draw_shape(100, .05)
draw_shape(100, .05)
move_forward(2.5)
rotate_left(36)
draw_shape(100, .05)
draw_shape(100, .05)
move_forward(2.5)
rotate_left(36)
draw_shape(100, .05)
draw_shape(100, .05)
move_forward(2.5)
rotate_left(36)
draw_shape(100, .05)
draw_shape(100, .05)
move_forward(2.5)
rotate_left(36)
draw_shape(100, .05)

Out[108]:

In [118]:

start()
for i in range (10):
    draw_shape(100, .05)
    move_forward(2.5)
    rotate_left(36)
    draw_shape(100, .05)

Out[118]:

In [131]:

start()
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_right(120)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)

draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_right(120)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)

rotate_right(180)

draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_right(120)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)

draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_right(120)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)

draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_right(120)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)

draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_right(120)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)

rotate_right(180)

draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_right(120)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)

draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_right(120)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)

rotate_right(180)

draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_right(120)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)

draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_right(120)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)

rotate_right(180)

draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_right(120)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)

draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_right(120)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)

draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_right(120)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)

draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_right(120)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)

rotate_right(180)

draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_right(120)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)

draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_right(120)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)
draw_forward(1)
rotate_left(60)

Out[131]:

In [134]:

start()
for i in range (6):
    draw_forward(1)
    rotate_left(60)
    draw_forward(1)
    rotate_right(120)
    draw_forward(1)
    rotate_left(60)
    draw_forward(1)
    rotate_left(60)

    draw_forward(1)
    rotate_left(60)
    draw_forward(1)
    rotate_right(120)
    draw_forward(1)
    rotate_left(60)
    draw_forward(1)
    rotate_left(60)

    rotate_right(180)

Out[134]:

In [0]:

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