CoCalc provides the best real-time collaborative environment for Jupyter Notebooks, LaTeX documents, and SageMath, scalable from individual users to large groups and classes!

1
#!/usr/bin/env ruby
2

3
##
4
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
5
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
6
##
7

8
#
9
# This script will check multiple files against VirusTotal's public analysis service. You are
10
# limited to at most 4 requests (of any nature in any given 1 minute time frame), because
11
# VirusTotal says so. If you prefer your own API key, you may get one at virustotal.com
12
#
13
# VirusTotal Terms of Service:
14
# https://www.virustotal.com/en/about/terms-of-service/
15
#
16
# Public API documentations can be found here:
17
# https://www.virustotal.com/en/documentation/public-api/
18
# https://api.vtapi.net/en/doc/
19
#
20
# WARNING:
21
# When you upload or otherwise submit content, you give VirusTotal (and those we work with) a
22
# worldwide, royalty free, irrevocable and transferable licence to use, edit, host, store,
23
# reproduce, modify, create derivative works, communicate, publish, publicly perform, publicly
24
# display and distribute such content.
25
#
26
# Author:
27
# sinn3r <sinn3r[at]metasploit.com>
28
#
29
begin
30
msfbase = __FILE__
31
while File.symlink?(msfbase)
32
  msfbase = File.expand_path(File.readlink(msfbase), File.dirname(msfbase))
33
end
34

35
$:.unshift(File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(msfbase), '..', '..', 'lib')))
36
require 'msfenv'
37
require 'rex'
38
require 'digest/sha2'
39
require 'optparse'
40
require 'json'
41
require 'timeout'
42

43
#
44
# Prints a status message
45
#
46
def print_status(msg='')
47
  $stdout.puts "[*] #{msg}"
48
end
49

50

51
#
52
# Prints an error message
53
#
54
def print_error(msg='')
55
  $stdout.puts "[-] #{msg}"
56
end
57

58

59
module VirusTotalUtility
60

61
class ToolConfig
62

63
  def initialize
64
    @config_file ||= Msf::Config.config_file
65
    @group_name  ||= 'VirusTotal'
66
  end
67

68
  #
69
  # Saves the VirusTotal API key to Metasploit's config file
70
  # @param key [String] API key
71
  # @return [void]
72
  #
73
  def save_api_key(key)
74
    _set_setting('api_key', key)
75
  end
76

77

78
  #
79
  # Returns the VirusTotal API key from Metasploit's config file
80
  # @return [String] the API key
81
  #
82
  def load_api_key
83
    _get_setting('api_key') || ''
84
  end
85

86

87
  #
88
  # Sets the privacy waiver to true after the tool is run for the very first time
89
  # @return [void]
90
  #
91
  def save_privacy_waiver
92
    _set_setting('waiver', true)
93
  end
94

95

96
  #
97
  # Returns whether a waver is set or not
98
  # @return [Boolean]
99
  #
100
  def has_privacy_waiver?
101
    _get_setting('waiver') || false
102
  end
103

104

105
  private
106

107

108
  #
109
  # Sets a setting in Metasploit's config file
110
  # @param key_name [String] The Key to set
111
  # @param value [String] The value to set
112
  # @return [void]
113
  #
114
  def _set_setting(key_name, value)
115
    ini = Rex::Parser::Ini.new(@config_file)
116
    ini.add_group(@group_name) if ini[@group_name].nil?
117
    ini[@group_name][key_name] = value
118
    ini.to_file(@config_file)
119
  end
120

121

122
  #
123
  # Returns a setting from Metasploit's config file
124
  # @param key_name [String] The setting to get
125
  # @return [void]
126
  #
127
  def _get_setting(key_name)
128
    ini = Rex::Parser::Ini.new(@config_file)
129
    group = ini[@group_name]
130
    return nil if group.nil?
131
    return nil if group[key_name].nil?
132

133
    group[key_name]
134
  end
135

136
end
137

138

139
class VirusTotal < Msf::Auxiliary
140

141
  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
142

143
  def initialize(opts={})
144
    @api_key     = opts['api_key']
145
    @sample_info = _load_sample(opts['sample'])
146

147
    # It should resolve to 74.125.34.46, and the HOST header (HTTP) must be www.virustotal.com, or
148
    # it will return a 404 instead.
149
    rhost = Rex::Socket.resolv_to_dotted("www.virustotal.com") rescue '74.125.34.46'
150

151
    # Need to configure HttpClient to enable SSL communication
152
    super(
153
      'DefaultOptions' =>
154
        {
155
          'SSL'   => true,
156
          'RHOST' => rhost,
157
          'RPORT' => 443
158
        }
159
    )
160
  end
161

162

163
  #
164
  # Submits a malware sample for VirusTotal to scan
165
  # @param sample [String] Data to analyze
166
  # @return [Hash] JSON response
167
  #
168
  def scan_sample
169
    opts = {
170
      'boundary' => 'THEREAREMANYLIKEITBUTTHISISMYDATA',
171
      'api_key'  => @api_key,
172
      'filename' => @sample_info['filename'],
173
      'data'     => @sample_info['data']
174
    }
175

176
    _execute_request({
177
      'uri'    => '/vtapi/v2/file/scan',
178
      'method' => 'POST',
179
      'vhost'  => 'www.virustotal.com',
180
      'ctype'  => "multipart/form-data; boundary=#{opts['boundary']}",
181
      'data'   => _create_upload_data(opts)
182
    })
183
  end
184

185

186
  #
187
  # Returns the report of a specific malware hash
188
  # @return [Hash] JSON response
189
  #
190
  def retrieve_report
191
    _execute_request({
192
      'uri'       => '/vtapi/v2/file/report',
193
      'method'    => 'POST',
194
      'vhost'     => 'www.virustotal.com',
195
      'vars_post' => {
196
        'apikey'   => @api_key,
197
        'resource' => @sample_info['sha256']
198
      }
199
    })
200
  end
201

202
  private
203

204
  #
205
  # Returns the JSON response of a HTTP request
206
  # @param opts [Hash] HTTP options
207
  # @return [Hash] JSON response
208
  #
209
  def _execute_request(opts)
210
    res = send_request_cgi(opts)
211

212
    return '' if res.nil?
213
    case res.code
214
    when 204
215
      raise RuntimeError, "You have hit the request limit."
216
    when 403
217
      raise RuntimeError, "No privilege to execute this request probably due to an invalye API key"
218
    end
219

220
    json_body = ''
221

222
    begin
223
      json_body = JSON.parse(res.body)
224
    rescue JSON::ParserError
225
      json_body = ''
226
    end
227

228
    json_body
229
  end
230

231
  #
232
  # Returns malware sample information
233
  # @param sample [String] The sample path to load
234
  # @return [Hash] Information about the sample (including the raw data, and SHA256 hash)
235
  #
236
  def _load_sample(sample)
237
    info = {
238
      'filename' => '',
239
      'data'     => ''
240
    }
241

242
    File.open(sample, 'rb') do |f|
243
      info['data'] = f.read
244
    end
245

246
    info['filename'] = File.basename(sample)
247
    info['sha256']   = Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(info['data'])
248

249
    info
250
  end
251

252

253
  #
254
  # Creates a form-data message
255
  # @param opts [Hash] A hash that contains keys including boundary, api_key, filename, and data
256
  # @return [String] The POST request data
257
  #
258
  def _create_upload_data(opts={})
259
    boundary = opts['boundary']
260
    api_key  = opts['api_key']
261
    filename = opts['filename']
262
    data     = opts['data']
263

264
    # Can't use Rex::MIME::Message, or you WILL be increditably outraged, it messes with your data.
265
    # See VT report for example: 4212686e701286ab734d8a67b7b7527f279c2dadc27bd744abebecab91b70c82
266
    data = %Q|--#{boundary}
267
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="apikey"
268

269
#{api_key}
270
--#{boundary}
271
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="#{filename}"
272
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
273

274
#{data}
275
--#{boundary}--
276
|
277

278
    data
279
  end
280

281
end
282

283
class OptsConsole
284
  #
285
  # Return a hash describing the options.
286
  #
287
  def self.parse(args)
288
    options = {}
289

290
    opts = OptionParser.new do |opts|
291
      opts.banner = "Usage: #{__FILE__} [options]"
292

293
      opts.separator ""
294
      opts.separator "Specific options:"
295

296
      opts.on("-k", "-k <key>", "(Optional) Virusl API key to use") do |v|
297
        options['api_key'] = v
298
      end
299

300
      opts.on("-d", "-d <seconds>", "(Optional) Number of seconds to wait for the report") do |v|
301
        if v !~ /^\d+$/
302
          print_error("Invalid input for -d. It must be a number.")
303
          exit
304
        end
305

306
        options['delay'] = v.to_i
307
      end
308

309
      opts.on("-q", nil, "(Optional) Do a hash search without uploading the sample") do |v|
310
        options['quick'] = true
311
      end
312

313
      opts.on("-f", "-f <filenames>", "Files to scan") do |v|
314
        files = v.split.delete_if { |e| e.nil? }
315
        bad_files = []
316
        files.each do |f|
317
          unless ::File.exist?(f)
318
            bad_files << f
319
          end
320
        end
321

322
        unless bad_files.empty?
323
          print_error("Cannot find: #{bad_files * ' '}")
324
          exit
325
        end
326

327
        if files.length > 4
328
          print_error("Sorry, I can only allow 4 files at a time.")
329
          exit
330
        end
331

332
        options['samples'] = files
333
      end
334

335
      opts.separator ""
336
      opts.separator "Common options:"
337

338
      opts.on_tail("-h", "--help", "Show this message") do
339
        puts opts
340
        exit
341
      end
342
    end
343

344
    # Set default
345
    if options['samples'].nil?
346
      options['samples'] = []
347
    end
348

349
    if options['quick'].nil?
350
      options['quick'] = false
351
    end
352

353
    if options['delay'].nil?
354
      options['delay'] = 60
355
    end
356

357
    if options['api_key'].nil?
358
      # Default key is from Metasploit, see why this key can be shared:
359
      # http://blog.virustotal.com/2012/12/public-api-request-rate-limits-and-tool.html
360
      options['api_key'] = '501caf66349cc7357eb4398ac3298fdd03dec01a3e2f3ad576525aa7b57a1987'
361
    end
362

363
    begin
364
      opts.parse!(args)
365
    rescue OptionParser::InvalidOption
366
      print_error("Invalid option, try -h for usage")
367
      exit
368
    end
369

370
    if options.empty?
371
      print_error("No options specified, try -h for usage")
372
      exit
373
    end
374

375
    options
376
  end
377
end
378

379
class Driver
380

381
  attr_reader :opts
382

383
  def initialize
384
    opts = {}
385

386
    # Init arguments
387
    options = OptsConsole.parse(ARGV)
388

389
    # Init config manager
390
    config = ToolConfig.new
391

392
    # User must ack for research privacy before using this tool
393
    unless config.has_privacy_waiver?
394
      ack_privacy
395
      config.save_privacy_waiver
396
    end
397

398
    # Set the API key
399
    config.save_api_key(options['api_key']) unless options['api_key'].blank?
400
    api_key = config.load_api_key
401
    if api_key.blank?
402
      print_status("No API key found, using the default one. You may set it later with -k.")
403
      exit
404
    else
405
      print_status("Using API key: #{api_key}")
406
      opts['api_key'] = api_key
407
    end
408

409
    @opts = opts.merge(options)
410
  end
411

412

413
  #
414
  # Prompts the user about research privacy. They will not be able to get out until they enter 'Y'
415
  # @return [Boolean] True if ack
416
  #
417
  def ack_privacy
418
    print_status "WARNING: When you upload or otherwise submit content, you give VirusTotal"
419
    print_status "(and those we work with) a worldwide, royalty free, irrevocable and transferable"
420
    print_status "licence to use, edit, host, store, reproduce, modify, create derivative works,"
421
    print_status "communicate, publish, publicly perform, publicly display and distribute such"
422
    print_status "content. To read the complete Terms of Service for VirusTotal, please go to the"
423
    print_status "following link:"
424
    print_status "https://www.virustotal.com/en/about/terms-of-service/"
425
    print_status
426
    print_status "If you prefer your own API key, you may obtain one at VirusTotal."
427

428
    while true
429
     $stdout.print "[*] Enter 'Y' to acknowledge: "
430
     if $stdin.gets =~ /^y|yes$/i
431
        return true
432
      end
433
    end
434
  end
435

436

437
  #
438
  # Retrieves a report from VirusTotal
439
  # @param vt [VirusTotal] VirusTotal object
440
  # @param res [Hash] Last submission response
441
  # @param delay [Integer] Delay
442
  # @return [Hash] VirusTotal response that contains the report
443
  #
444
  def wait_report(vt, res, delay)
445
    sha256 = res['sha256']
446
    print_status("Requesting the report...")
447
    res = nil
448

449
    # 3600 seconds = 1 hour
450
    begin
451
      ::Timeout.timeout(3600) {
452
      while true
453
        res = vt.retrieve_report
454
        break if res['response_code'] == 1
455
        select(nil, nil, nil, delay)
456
        print_status("Received code #{res['response_code']}. Waiting for another #{delay.to_s} seconds...")
457
      end
458
      }
459
    rescue ::Timeout::Error
460
      print_error("No report collected. Please manually check the analysis link later.")
461
      return nil
462
    end
463

464
    res
465
  end
466

467

468
  #
469
  # Shows the scan report
470
  # @param res [Hash] VirusTotal response
471
  # @param sample [String] Malware name
472
  # @return [void]
473
  #
474
  def generate_report(res, sample)
475
    if res['response_code'] != 1
476
      print_status("VirusTotal: #{res['verbose_msg']}")
477
      return
478
    end
479

480
    short_filename = File.basename(sample)
481
    tbl = Rex::Text::Table.new(
482
      'Header'  => "Analysis Report: #{short_filename} (#{res['positives']} / #{res['total']}): #{res['sha256']}",
483
      'Indent'  => 1,
484
      'Columns' => ['Antivirus', 'Detected', 'Version', 'Result', 'Update']
485
    )
486

487
    (res['scans'] || []).each do |result|
488
      product  = result[0]
489
      detected = result[1]['detected'].to_s
490
      version  = result[1]['version'] || ''
491
      sig_name = result[1]['result']  || ''
492
      timestamp = result[1]['update'] || ''
493

494
      tbl << [product, detected, version, sig_name, timestamp]
495
    end
496

497
    print_status tbl.to_s
498
  end
499

500

501
  #
502
  # Displays hashes
503
  #
504
  def show_hashes(res)
505
    print_status("Sample MD5 hash    : #{res['md5']}")     if res['md5']
506
    print_status("Sample SHA1 hash   : #{res['sha1']}")    if res['sha1']
507
    print_status("Sample SHA256 hash : #{res['sha256']}")  if res['sha256']
508
    print_status("Analysis link: #{res['permalink']}")         if res['permalink']
509
  end
510

511

512
  #
513
  # Executes a scan by uploading a sample and produces a report
514
  #
515
  def scan_by_upload
516
    @opts['samples'].each do |sample|
517
      vt = VirusTotal.new({'api_key' => @opts['api_key'], 'sample' => sample})
518
      print_status("Please wait while I upload #{sample}...")
519
      res = vt.scan_sample
520
      print_status("VirusTotal: #{res['verbose_msg']}")
521
      show_hashes(res)
522
      res = wait_report(vt, res, @opts['delay'])
523
      generate_report(res, sample) if res
524

525
      puts
526
    end
527
  end
528

529

530
  #
531
  # Executes a hash search and produces a report
532
  #
533
  def scan_by_hash
534
    @opts['samples'].each do |sample|
535
      vt = VirusTotal.new({'api_key' => @opts['api_key'], 'sample' => sample})
536
      print_status("Please wait I look for a report for #{sample}...")
537
      res = vt.retrieve_report
538
      show_hashes(res)
539
      generate_report(res, sample) if res
540

541
      puts
542
    end
543
  end
544

545
end
546

547
end # VirusTotalUtility
548

549

550
#
551
# main
552
#
553
if __FILE__ == $PROGRAM_NAME
554
  begin
555
    driver = VirusTotalUtility::Driver.new
556
    if driver.opts['quick']
557
      driver.scan_by_hash
558
    else
559
      driver.scan_by_upload
560
    end
561
  rescue Interrupt
562
    $stdout.puts
563
    $stdout.puts "Good bye"
564
  end
565
end
566
rescue SignalException => e
567
  puts("Aborted! #{e}")
568
end
569

570